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Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common infections in both outpatient and inpatient settings. The term urinary tract infection applies to a heterogeneous group of clinical syndromes. Clinical entities encompassed by "UTI" include asymptomatic bacteriuria, acute uncomplicated cystitis, recurrent cystitis, complicated UTI, catheter-associated asymptomatic bacteriuria, catheter-associated UTI (CAUTI), prostatitis, and pyelonephritis. Appropriate classification of the UTI syndrome is crucial for optimal diagnosis and management. The various categories of UTI are distinguished by the presence or absence of symptoms referable to the urinary tract; the patientÂs sex and comorbid conditions; and genitourinary history, including the presence of stones or stents. Because acute cystitis is the most common manifestation of UTI and is most prevalent in women, most clinical research on UTI has been done in adult women. Clinicians must carefully consider whether recommendations derived from this evidence base are applicable to their patient populations.
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