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21 November 2006, Vol 145, No. 10>
Articles | 21 November 2006

Enhancing the Quality of Life of Dementia Caregivers from Different Ethnic or Racial Groups: A Randomized, Controlled Trial

Steven H. Belle, PhD; Louis Burgio, PhD; Robert Burns, MD; David Coon, PhD; Sara J. Czaja, PhD; Dolores Gallagher-Thompson, PhD; Laura N. Gitlin, PhD; Julie Klinger, MA; Kathy Mann Koepke, PhD; Chin Chin Lee, MS; Jennifer Martindale-Adams, EdD; Linda Nichols, PhD; Richard Schulz, PhD; Sidney Stahl, PhD; Alan Stevens, PhD; Laraine Winter, PhD; Song Zhang, MS, Resources for Enhancing Alzheimer's Caregiver Health (REACH) II Investigators
[+] Article and Author Information

From the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama; University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Geriatrics Group of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee; Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona; University of Miami, Miami, Florida; Stanford University School of Medicine and Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California; Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; National Institute of Nursing Research and National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and Scott & White Memorial Hospital, Temple, Texas.


Note: A detailed description of the REACH II study design, methods, assessment instruments, and original de-identified data are available to the public at the National Archive of Computerized Data on Aging (http://webapp.icpsr.umich.edu/cocoon/NACDA-STUDY/04354.xml). The Study Manual of Operations, which contains detailed information about the intervention, including resource and training materials, is also Available at http://www.edc.pitt.edu/reach2/public/manuals.html.

Grant Support: In part by the National Institute on Aging and the National Institute of Nursing Research (AG13305, AG13289, AG13313, AG20277, AG13265, and NR004261).

Potential Financial Conflicts of Interest: None disclosed.

Requests for Single Reprints: Richard Schulz, PhD, University of Pittsburgh, 121 University Place, 6th Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15260; e-mail, schulz@pitt.edu.

Current Author Addresses: Dr. Belle: University of Pittsburgh, 130 DeSoto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261.

Dr. Burgio: University of Alabama, Box 870315, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0315.

Drs. Burns, Martindale-Adams, and Nichols: University of Tennessee, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 1030 Jefferson, Memphis, TN 38104.

Dr. Coon: Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Arizona State University, 4701 West Thunderbird Road, MC 3051, Glendale, AZ 85346.

Dr. Czaja and Ms. Lee: University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1695 NW 9th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136.

Dr. Gallagher-Thompson: Stanford University, 795 Willow Road (182C/MP), Menlo Park, CA 94025.

Drs. Gitlin and Winter: Thomas Jefferson University, 130 South 9th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107.

Ms. Klinger: University of Pittsburgh, 121 University Place, Pittsburgh, PA 15260.

Dr. Koepke: National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources, 6701 Democracy Boulevard, Suite 710, Bethesda, MD 20892-4870.

Dr. Schulz: University of Pittsburgh, 121 University Place, 6th Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15260.

Dr. Stahl: National Institute on Aging, 7201 Wisconsin Avenue, #533, Bethesda, MA 20892.

Dr. Stevens: Scott & White Memorial Hospital, 2401 South 31st Street, Temple, TX 76508.

Ms. Zhang: Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 130 DeSoto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15281.

Author Contributions: Conception and design: S.H. Belle, L. Burgio, R. Burns, D. Coon, S.J. Czaja, D. Gallagher-Thompson, L.N. Gitlin, J. Martindale-Adams, L. Nichols, R. Schulz, S. Stahl, A. Stevens.

Analysis and interpretation of the data: S.H. Belle, L. Burgio, R. Burns, S.J. Czaja, L.N. Gitlin, R. Schulz, S. Stahl, S. Zhang.

Drafting of the article: S.H. Belle, L. Burgio, D. Coon, S.J. Czaja, D. Gallagher-Thompson, L.N. Gitlin, J. Klinger, R. Schulz.

Critical revision of the article for important intellectual content: S.H. Belle, L. Burgio, D. Coon, S.J. Czaja, D. Gallagher-Thompson, L.N. Gitlin, J. Klinger, K.M. Koepke, R. Schulz, S. Zhang.

Final approval of the article: S.H. Belle, L. Burgio, R. Burns, S.J. Czaja, D. Gallagher-Thompson, L.N. Gitlin, K.M. Koepke, J. Martindale-Adams, L. Nichols, R. Schulz, S. Stahl, S. Zhang.

Provision of study materials or patients: L. Burgio, R. Burns, D. Coon, S.J. Czaja, D. Gallagher-Thompson, L.N. Gitlin, J. Klinger, J. Martindale-Adams, L. Nichols, R. Schulz, A. Stevens,

Statistical expertise: S.H. Belle, R. Schulz, S. Zhang.

Obtaining of funding: S.H. Belle, L. Burgio, R. Burns, D. Coon, S.J. Czaja, D. Gallagher-Thompson, L.N. Gitlin, K.M. Koepke, J. Martindale-Adams, L. Nichols, R. Schulz, S. Stahl.

Administrative, technical, or logistic support: D. Coon, D. Gallagher-Thompson, L.N. Gitlin, J. Klinger, C.C. Lee, R. Schulz, S. Stahl, L. Winter.

Collection and assembly of data: D. Coon, S.J. Czaja, D. Gallagher-Thompson, L.N. Gitlin, J. Martindale-Adams, L. Nichols, R. Schulz, A. Stevens, L. Winter, S. Zhang.


Ann Intern Med. 2006;145(10):727-738. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-145-10-200611210-00005
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Of the 995 caregivers screened, 171 (17%) were ineligible and 154 (15%) withheld consent. Of the remaining 670 who underwent a baseline assessment, 642 (96%) were randomly assigned (Figure).

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Figure.
Study flow diagram.

*See Appendix Table 1 for reasons for ineligibility. † See Appendix Table 2 (for reasons for unavailable end points and types of 6-month follow-up.

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Summary for Patients

Can Providing Support to Dementia Caregivers Improve Their Quality of Life?

The summary below is from the full report titled “Enhancing the Quality of Life of Dementia Caregivers from Different Ethnic or Racial Groups. A Randomized, Controlled Trial.” It is in the 21 November 2006 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 145, pages 727-738). The authors are S.H. Belle, L. Burgio, R. Burns, D. Coon, S.J. Czaja, D. Gallagher-Thompson, L.N. Gitlin, J. Klinger, K.M. Koepke, C.C. Lee, J. Martindale-Adams, L. Nichols, R. Schulz, S. Stahl, A. Stevens, L. Winter, and S. Zhang, for the Resources for Enhancing Alzheimer's Caregiver Health (REACH) II Investigators.

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