Two recent USPSTF statements on screening for breast cancer identify the harms of false-positive mammography screening test results, including psychological distress (1 - 2). Unfortunately, the reports drift away from published evidence about psychological distress from false-positive mammograms. The summary report dismisses the problem: “Anxiety, distress, and other psychosocial effects can exist with abnormal mammography results but fortunately are usually transient” (1). We believe that this statement mischaracterizes the empirical literature, and indeed what the USPSTF reports to an extent in its own detailed concurrent report (2), which more correctly states that “[f]alse-positive mammography results had no consistent effect on most women's general anxiety and depression but increased breast cancer–specific distress, anxiety, apprehension, and perceived breast cancer risk for some” (2). This statement is consistent with our own recent research, in which we found that false-positive mammography results cause small but reliable elevations in breast cancer–specific distress (3).