Correction: Vitamin D With or Without Calcium Supplementation for Prevention of Cancer and Fractures

doi:10.7326/L14-5020-7

In a review and meta-analysis on the effects of vitamin D and calcium on fracture (1), there was an error in categorizing 3 studies (2–4). These studies involved interventions that combined vitamin D with calcium supplementation, but their comparison groups (called a placebo group in 2 papers [2, 3]) received a calcium supplement. Thus, they should not have been combined in the random-effects model meta-analysis of the effects of combined vitamin D and calcium supplementation as compared with placebo on total fracture, which was presented in Figure 2. These studies have been excluded from an updated meta-analysis, and a new Figure 2 is provided here. The revised analysis included 9 randomized, controlled trials comparing the combination of vitamin D (400 to 1000 IU/d) and calcium (500 to 1200 mg/d) supplementation with placebo in a total of 51 921 persons. The summary point estimates (pooled relative risks) of effect for vitamin D plus calcium and 95% CIs have changed only slightly (from 0.88 [CI, 0.79-0.99] to 0.91 [CI, 0.81-1.01]). However, the overall conclusion remains the same: Combined vitamin D and calcium supplementation can reduce fracture risk; the effect may be smaller in community-dwelling older adults than in institutionalized elderly persons.

Figure 2.

Results of random-effects model meta-analysis of the effects of combined vitamin D and calcium supplementation as compared with placebo on total fracture in randomized, controlled trials.

NS = not specified; NV = nonvertebral.

* Equally allocated groups.

† Unequally allocated groups; 2 women were randomly assigned to the control group for every 1 woman randomly assigned to the treatment group.

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Corrections |21 October 2014

Correction: Vitamin D With or Without Calcium Supplementation for Prevention of Cancer and Fractures Free

Figure 2.

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Figure 2.

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Corrections |21 October 2014

Correction: Vitamin D With or Without Calcium Supplementation for Prevention of Cancer and Fractures Free

Figure 2.

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Figure 2.

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